Political Philosphies of Liberalism - 726 Words

Liberalism If we want to speak about liberalism, we have to speak about how liberalism came into the nationals systems of many countries. Liberalism includes a lot of different political philosophies and people have fight for it or against it over time. Nowadays it is criticized but In 1689, John Locke published his book â€Å"Two Treatises on Governments† which established the natural right theory and two fundamental ideas on liberalism: the economic and the intellectual liberty. The natural right theory argued that â€Å"life, liberty and property†. It was the classical liberalism at that time and it was a new way to see human possibilities. â€Å"Classical liberalism is founded upon a notion of free rights for every person, including freedom of speech and freedom of religion.† This was also for free market economy, and only little intrusion on private property by the government. Classical liberalism rose in the 16th and 17th century. It is based on free trade to govern and ruled the interactions within the society. In the French Enlightenment, Voltaire and Rousseau were for the creation of a constitutional monarchy which could help to get a natural freedom. Rousseau spokes also about the social contracts within a country between the population and the government. In the Scottish Enlightenment, Hume and Smith agreed that â€Å"capital, not gold, is the wealth of nations†. Smith published in 1776 â€Å"The Wealth of Nations† which main subject, as we all hear a lot about, was the invisible handShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke: Second Treatise of Civil Government Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesDescartes before him.John Locke became convinced that true knowledge cannot be attained in natural science, but only through concrete mathematics. This theory was later adopted by several other philosophers. Locke was the first theorist of the philosphy of liberalism, which says that the state exists to preserve the natural rights of its citizens.Lockes philosophical beliefs and theories are the basis of numerous other philosophers, and play an important role in the development of the American judicialRead MoreJean Jacques Rousseau And The Discourse On Inequality1546 Words   |  7 PagesOverview on Rousseau and the Discourse. Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born on June 28th, 1712 in Geneva, Switzerland and died on July 2nd, 1778 in Ermeonville, France. The Swiss born would later become one of the most well-known philosopher, writer and political theorist whose treaties and novels greatly inspired the leaders of the French Revolution and the Romantic period. Against popular belief, Rousseau was one – if not – the least academical modern philosophers but still remains in many was as one ofRead MoreEssay about Hegel and The Libertarians2958 Words   |  12 PagesHegel and The Libertarians ABSTRACT: This paper aims to show how the Hegelian philosophy can contribute to the conceptual discussions between the two strains of contemporary ethical-political philosophy. I argue that the Hegelian political theory is of central import to the discussion between communitarians and libertarians, both in the communitarian criticism of the libertarian — mainly in Michael Sandels criticism of Rawls — and in the Rawlsian project of a society founded in justice as equality